Civil Engineering is the second oldest discipline after military engineering and deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment including the public works such as the creation of roads, dams, bridges, buildings, canals, airports, pipelines, sewerage systems and railways. It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines including environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, municipal or urban engineering, water resources engineering, materials engineering, coastal engineering, surveying, and construction engineering. Construction engineering is one discipline that deals primarily with the planning, construction execution and management of infrastructural projects. While Civil engineers undertake designing part, execution part is performed by construction engineers. Post the undergraduate degree, Civil engineers might further specialise in the sub-disciplinary specialisations and can proceed with careers in the same. They may progress as contractors and focus on project management, construction management, planning, estimation and health and safety or can specialise in specific areas.
For example, a civil engineer who is interested in environmental engineering can further build a career as a coastal engineer involved in protection and erosion work along the coasts and rivers. An earthquake/ seismic engineer might be involved in the building of structures that earthquake resistant. A geotechnical engineer designs the foundation of large structures, such as dams, tunnels retaining walls or jetties, and assess how the soil and rock they are built on may affect them. A quantity surveyor manages construction project finances. A structural engineer whereas analyses, designs and manages the construction of a range of load-bearing structures such as houses, commercial buildings, sports stadiums, and bridges. Oher specialists such as the transport engineer and water resource engineer design, organise and supervise the building and repair of infrastructure such as roads, railways, bridges for the former and dams, canals, and irrigation systems for the latter.
With the wide variety of specialisations, civil engineering is one of the most promising careers with a high rising professional graph.
